Agronomy
Since 90 years in the USA, Australia and some European countries, using of electromagnetic methods and methods for assessing site quality resistance and concentration of mineral fertilizers is widespread and regular. Only one study to the electrical conductivity of soil physical and chemical properties of soil (bulk density, clay content, organic matter content ), and biological properties of soils (microbial biomass C and N, mineralize nitrogen).
It is noted that the main consumers of the electromagnetic mapping equipment are agricultural companies , farmers , and companies specializing in the evaluation of agricultural land.
Using the capabilities of the method of frequency electromagnetic induction sensing and other geophysical methods is possible to determine the following soil parameters:
1) soil temperature at the surface and depths of fixed;
2) The power of genetic horizons up to the maternal parent rock;
3) the density of genetic horizons;
4) The moisture content of the soil layers, as well as genetic horizons;
5) The depth of the carbonate salt horizon and the water table;
6) the level of occurrence of the frozen layer and its power;
7) snow cover, and its density;
8) the level of occurrence of drainage systems;
9) the depth of the clay layer;
10) the power of the sand layer;
11 ), the distribution coefficients of herbicides in soil.
Methods of geophysical mapping of two-dimensional distribution of electrical conductivity and volumetric soil will provide a probabilistic distribution pattern of soil parameters within the entire study area, and not a “dot”, as studied until recently.
For large and high-quality crops is necessary to know not only the new varieties of crops, but most of the properties of soils, as the yield is 80% dependent on these properties.
In the face of strong anthropogenic pressure, which leads to negative consequences and even the total destruction of the soil, it is necessary the use of modern remote sensing methods which enable to give a quick assessment of the soil and the environment over a wide area. The most promising for these purposes is the method of frequency sounding. Being adapted for soil problems, this method can be very effective in direct soil investigations and monitoring the state and properties of soils. This hardware-software system is particularly useful also because it allows no soil disturbance (no mass bookmarks soil profiles), with minimal time to conduct a soil survey of any given scale. This increases the accuracy of the spatial changes of soil, eliminated errors in the drawing of borders spun on the map contours.
With the ability to integrate data “Nemfis” with geographic information systems (GIS) – define the criteria for appropriate management decisions in the various areas of agriculture.
Using of geophysical methods in agricultureEMS, AEMP-14 |
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